Proper Selection and Rational Use of Feed Enzyme Products

Choose digestive enzymes based on the species and age of animals

For livestock and poultry, insufficient secretion of endogenous digestive enzymes may occur during certain special growth and development stages and under feeding management conditions. For example, young animals with underdeveloped digestive enzymes, older animals with reduced enzyme secretion, and animals with disrupted enzyme secretion due to stress or disease. Exogenous digestive enzymes can supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzymes, enhance the animals' ability to digest and absorb nutrients from feed, thereby improving livestock and poultry productivity and feed conversion efficiency. Choosing appropriate digestive enzyme preparations to compensate for the deficiency of endogenous enzymes can improve livestock and poultry productivity and feed utilization efficiency. Broilers consume much more feed than egg-laying chicks, but their pancreatic enzyme secretion is similar. Broilers need to process more feed with the same enzyme levels, making the addition of exogenous digestive enzymes to the diet more important and effective.

Temperature and pH are the two major environmental factors affecting enzyme activity. Each enzyme has an optimal environment temperature and pH that maintains its maximum activity and stability of structure and properties. The pH and temperature of poultry and pig intestines differ significantly, so enzyme preparations or enzyme activity quantities suitable for pigs may not necessarily be suitable for poultry. The same type of the enzyme, such as protease, can have different sources and properties, such as plant, bacterial, and fungal sources. Enzymes from different sources of the same type may have different environmental adaptability. Therefore, when selecting enzyme preparations for livestock and poultry, attention should be paid to different pH levels.

Choose the enzyme preparation types based on target substrates

Due to the substrate specificity of enzyme products, excellent performance of feed enzyme preparations can only be achieved by considering the characteristics of feed ingredients when used. Different feed ingredients have unique compositions and chemical structures. Arabinoxylan is the main non-starch polysaccharide in wheat and rye, while β-glucan is the major non-starch polysaccharide in barley and oats, along with pectin. Enzymes for wheat and soybean meal-based feeds should mainly include xylanase, pectinase, and cellulase, while enzymes for barley and soybean meal-based feeds should mainly include β-glucanase, pectinase, xylanase, and cellulase. Phytate in plant feed ingredients is relatively simple compared to these carbohydrates, with a fixed chemical structure and properties, making factors to consider when using phytase enzymes much simpler.

Determine the appropriate enzyme dosage based on the substrate content

The purpose of using non-digestive enzymes in feed is to improve the utilization of substances in the feed that animals cannot digest with endogenous enzymes, or to eliminate their anti-nutritional effects. If the substrate is too low, adding enzymes will not produce significant improvements. If the substrate volume is too high and the added enzyme quantity or activity is insufficient, the amount of substrate that can be degraded is limited, resulting in ineffective outcomes. This requires an appropriate proportion between the substrate and the enzyme preparation dosage, based on the target substrate content.

There is still no unified standard for measuring the activity of most enzymes in feed enzyme products. Due to the significant impact of the selected pH, temperature, and substrate on enzyme activity measurements, judging the quality of enzyme preparations based solely on enzyme activity indicators is difficult, and products with the same enzyme activity can vary significantly in terms of effectiveness.

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